IELTS English Vocabulary M - O
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IELTS
English Vocabulary –
M - O
MAIN MESSAGE:
(noun phrase). Central focus. Example: ‘Paragraphs
generally focus on a main message but also include supporting information’
MAINTAIN:
(verb) Keep, sustain.
For example: ‘The company has maintained its position as market leader by
selling high quality products at low prices.’
MAJOR:
(adjective) Huge,
large. For example: ‘Alcohol and drug abuse is a major problem in some parts of
society.’
(adjective) Change,
alter (for own benefit) . For example: ‘Facts are often manipulated by the
media to give news stories additional interest.’
MANUAL:
(adjective) Physical,
labour-intensive, blue-collar. For example: ‘Manual workers generally earn
lower wages than skilled workers or professionals.’
MARGIN:
(Noun) Level. For
example: ‘It is important for companies to have a healthy profit margin.’
Marsh:
An area of low land
that is always soft and wet because there is nowhere for the water to flow away
to.
MATCH:
(verb) To fit
together, to be equal. ‘Some IELTS questions require you to match information
with a speaker’.
MATERIALISTIC:
(adjective) Motivated
and finding pleasure in physical possessions and objects displaying wealth.
Example: ‘Many religions discourage their followers from being overly
materialistic’.
MATURE:
(adjective)
Responsible, stable through age and experience. For example: ‘Younger staff
benefit from interaction with older workers as they learn from their mature
outlook.’
MAXIMISE:
(verb) expand, grow
to full potential. For example: ‘Most companies wish to maximise their
profits.’
MECHANISM:
(Noun) Physical or
mental process. For example: ‘Behaviour and thought mechanisms vary from people
to people.’
MEDIA:
(Noun) newspapers,
TV, magazines etc. For example: ‘It is important for the media to have freedom
of speech.’
MEDIATE:
(verb) Act as a go
between, encourage discussion between two parties. For example: ‘An independent
advisor will mediate the talks between the company and its workers.’
MEDICAL:
(adjective) Related
to medicine or health. For example: ‘There are proven medical benefits to
taking regular exercise and eating a healthy diet.’
MEDIUM:
(noun) Method,
vehicle, channel, mode. For example: ‘Email is nowadays the most popular medium
for communication.’
MEMORISE:
(verb) To remember
something completely; to learn by rote (with the suggestion that it is not
learned, just remembered). Example: ‘It is not a good idea to memorise essays
for the IELTS test as the examiner will recognise that the work is not your
own’.
MENTAL:
(adjective) Related
to the mind or psychological state. For example: ‘Mental illness is often more
difficult for others to understand than physical sickness.’
MENTION:
(verb) To talk about,
to refer to. Example: ‘The subject was first mentioned at last week’s meeting.’
METHOD:
(Noun) way of doing
something, system. For example: ‘Modern methods of teaching have replaced
traditional methods in some schools.’
MIGRATE:
(verb) To move from
one place to another or one country to another. See also EMIGRATION and
IMMIGRATION
MILITARY:
(Noun) Armed forces,
army. For example: ‘Food and medical supplies will be delivered to the area as
part of the Military’s rescus operation.’
MINIMAL:
(adjective) Smallest
amount, minium amount. For example: ‘The recent Government campaign has had
minimal effect and can be considerd a failure.’
MINIMISE:
(Verb) Make as small
as possible. For example: ‘Parents should try to minimise the effect that
divorce has on the their children.’
MINIMUM:
(Noun) Smallest
amount, least amount. For example: ‘I can study the course in my own time, but
it should take a minimum of 2 months to complete.’
MINISTRY:
(Noun) Bureau,
Department, Authority. For example: ‘The Ministry of Health will release new
healthy eating guidelines soon.’
MINOR:
(Adjective) Small,
not of great significance. For example: ‘The minor issues on the agenda were
not covered at the meeting as we ran out of time.’
MODAL VERB:
(noun phrase) An
additional verb used with a main verb. Example: should, can, might, would,
will.
MODE:
(Noun) Type, method,
style. For example: ‘Bicycles are an environmentally-friendly mode of
transport.’
MODIFY:
(Verb) Adapt, adjust,
change. For example: ‘We often modify our behaviour and speech depending on who
we are talking to.’
MONITOR:
(Verb) Observe,
check, supervise. For example: ‘A baby’s deveopment is carefully monitored
particularly in the early stages of growth.’
MORTGAGE:
(noun) Bank loan for
buying a house. Example: ‘Mortgage interest rates have increased significantly
over the years in many countries’.
MOTIVATED:
(adjective) Full of
energy and purpose; aiming for a goal. Example: ‘It is important to keep
motivated when studying, even when there are difficulties.’
MOTIVE:
(Noun) Reason, cause.
For example: ‘The main motive to work for most people is to earn money.’
MULTIPLE:
(adjective) Many.
Example: ‘He had multiple injuries from the car crash’
MUTUAL:
(adjective) Joint,
shared, common. For example: ‘Employment contracts betwwen employers and
employees can be altered subject to mutual agreement.’
MUTUALLY DEPENDENT:
(adjective) When two
things or people need or rely on each other.
N
NECESSITY:
(noun) Something
needed or required. Example: ‘Water is a necessaity for life.’
NEGATE:
(verb) Cancel out,
counteract. For example: ‘The recent decision will negate all progress made
before.
NETWORK:
(noun) Connection,
set of connections. For example: ‘A close network of friends is important to
most people.’
NEUTRAL:
(Adjective) Unbiased,
not taking sides. For example: ‘During the war, the country remained neutral.’
NEVERTHELESS:
(Adverb) Nontheless,
yet. For example: ‘The project would be relatively inexpensive to set up,
nevertheless it would be of great benefit.’
NORM:
(noun) standard,
average. For example: ‘It is no longer the norm in many cultures for the wife
to stay at home full-time and look after the children.’
NORMAL:
(adjective) Usual,
standard, typical. For example: ‘Aerobic exercise is good for the heart because
it raises the heartbeat above the normal level.’
NOT APPLICABLE:
(phrase) Not
relevant; does not apply. Example: ‘If questions on an application form are not
relevant, then you can write N/A meaning that it is not applicable to you.’
NOTION:
(noun) Idea, concept.
For example: ‘The notion that one day people may live on other planets is
almost impossible for us to visualise.’
NOUN:
(grammar term) A noun
is the part of speech that is used to name a person, place, or thing. Nouns can
be countable (chair, table, car) or uncountable (water, rice, air).
NUCLEAR:
(adjective) Relating
to atomic source. For example: ‘A nuclear war would be devastating for the
world and its population.’
NUMEROUS:
(adjective) Lots,
many. Example: ‘There are numerous charities that collect money from
donations’.
O
OBJECTIVE:
(Noun) Aim, purpose.
For example: ‘The aims and objectives of the research project are found at the
beginning of the report.’
OBLIGATION:
(noun) No choice;
need to do something. Example: ‘It is the parents’ obligation to take good care
of their child.’
OBTAIN:
(verb) To get.
Example: ‘Application forms can be obtained from the Admissions office’.
OBVIOUS:
(adjective) Clear,
evident. For example: ‘The obvious solution to the problem of passive smoking
is to ban cigarette smoking in public places as some countries have already
done.’
OCCUPY:
(verb) Take up,
absorb. For example: ‘Marking and administration tasks occupy a large
proportion of a teacher’s time.’
OCCUR:
(verb) take place,
happen. For example: ‘Problems in families often occur when communication
breaks down.’
OFFENCE:
(noun) an insult.
Example: ‘He took offence at her comment about his country.’
OMIT:
(verb) To leave out,
not to include. ‘His name was omitted from the list’
on BEHALF:
(preposition) For.
For example: ‘He thanked the guests for coming on my behalf as I had to leave
early and couldn’t talk to everyone.’
OPEN-MINDED:
(adjective) To be
open to new ideas; tolerant. Example: ‘When travelling overseas, it is
important to be open-minded about other cultures.’
OPPOSING:
(adjective) Opposite
point of view, against. Example: ‘There are many opposing views on the subject
of capital punishment’.
OPT:
(verb) To choose. ‘He
opted to take a few extra days holiday’.
OPTION:
(noun) Choice,
alternative, opportunity. For example: ‘There are several options available to
him and he must choose the best.’
OPTIONAL:
You do not have to
have this; you have a choice
ORIENT:
(verb) Adjust to, get
used to. For example: ‘The training week is designed so that new employees can
orient themselves in the workplace.’
OUTCOME:
(noun) result,
ending, conclusion. For example: ‘People around the world are hoping for a
peaceful outcome to the situation.’
OUTPUT:
(noun) Production,
yield. For example: ‘The factory is operational seven days a week and has
continual output.’
OVERALL:
(adverb) Largely, in
the main, mainly. For example: ‘Although there were a few minor problems,
overall the conference was a success.’
OVERLAP:
(verb) Coincide, have
similarities. For example: ‘There are several areas where to two departments’
responsibilities overlap.’
OVERSEAS:
(noun) abroad, in
another country. For example: ‘In some countries people are resorting to having
operations overseas as medical care there is cheaper.’
OVERSEE:
(verb) To
manage, supervise or control. Example: ‘My manager is overseeing the project’.
OVERVIEW:
(noun) A general
idea, an outline. Example: ‘He gave an overview of the situation at the meeting,
but did not go into all of the details.’
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