Active and Passive Voice
Passive Voice
In traditional grammar, a verb form (or voice) in which the grammatical subject receives the verb's action. Example: "A good time was had by all." Contrast with active voice.
How to construct the passive
1. Check to see if the active sentence contains an object.
John ate an apple. (S V O) Passive is possible.
John ate yesterday. (S V) Passive is not possible.
2. Move the object to the front of the sentence. Put the original subject in a "be" phrase .
An apple (V) by John
3. Put the verb in the form "be" +3 (of main verb)
An apple У be Ф eaten by John.
4. Put the "be" in the same tense as the original active sentence.
An apple was/were eaten by John. (Past tense)
5. Make the first verb agree with the new subject.
An apple was eaten by John.
(Put other elements of the sentence in grammatical and logical order.)
Yesterday the large green apple was quickly eaten by John, who didn’t realize that it belonged to his sister.
When other (auxiliary) verbs and modals are used in combination with the passive, remember:
Modal + 1
(Modal)
|
Have + 3
(Perfect)
|
Be + V-ing
(Progressive)
|
Be + 3
(Passive)
| ||
The apple
|
should
|
Have
|
been
|
being
|
Eaten by John
|
Combination of auxiliary verbs with the passive
Present Tense
Modal + 1
(Modal)
|
Have + 3
(Perfect)
|
Be + V-ing
(Progressive)
|
Be + 3
(Passive)
| ||
The Apple
|
Is eaten
|
By John
|
Past Tense
Modal + 1
(Modal)
|
Have + 3
(Perfect)
|
Be + V-ing
(Progressive)
|
Be + 3
(Passive)
| ||
The Apple
|
was eaten
|
By John
|
Present Progressive Tense
Modal + 1
(Modal)
|
Have + 3
(Perfect)
|
Be + V-ing
(Progressive)
|
Be + 3
(Passive)
| ||
The Apple
|
is
|
Being eaten
|
By John
|
Past Tense
Modal + 1
(Modal)
|
Have + 3
(Perfect)
|
Be + V-ing
(Progressive)
|
Be + 3
(Passive)
| ||
The Apple
|
was
|
Being eaten
|
By John
|
Present Perfect Tense
Modal + 1
(Modal)
|
Have + 3
(Perfect)
|
Be + V-ing
(Progressive)
|
Be + 3
(Passive)
| ||
The Apple
|
have
|
Been eaten
|
By John
|
Present Perfect Progressive
Modal + 1
(Modal)
|
Have + 3
(Perfect)
|
Be + V-ing
(Progressive)
|
Be + 3
(Passive)
| ||
The Apple
|
have
|
Been
|
Being eaten
|
By John
|
Past Perfect Progressive
Modal + 1
(Modal)
|
Have + 3
(Perfect)
|
Be + V-ing
(Progressive)
|
Be + 3
(Passive)
| ||
The Apple
|
had
|
been
|
Being eaten
|
By John
|
Future/Modal
Modal + 1
(Modal)
|
Have + 3
(Perfect)
|
Be + V-ing
(Progressive)
|
Be + 3
(Passive)
| ||
The Apple
|
will
|
be eaten
|
By John
|
Future/Modal
Modal + 1
(Modal)
|
Have + 3
(Perfect)
|
Be + V-ing
(Progressive)
|
Be + 3
(Passive)
| ||
The Apple
|
Is going to
|
Be eaten
|
By John
|
Modal
Modal + 1
(Modal)
|
Have + 3
(Perfect)
|
Be + V-ing
(Progressive)
|
Be + 3
(Passive)
| ||
The Apple
|
Must
|
Be eaten
|
By John
|
Past Modal
Modal + 1
(Modal)
|
Have + 3
(Perfect)
|
Be + V-ing
(Progressive)
|
Be + 3
(Passive)
| ||
The Apple
|
Must
|
have
|
Been eaten
|
By John
|
Combination
Modal + 1
(Modal)
|
Have + 3
(Perfect)
|
Be + V-ing
(Progressive)
|
Be + 3
(Passive)
| ||
The Apple
|
Must
|
Have
|
Been
|
Being eaten
|
By John
|
0 comments: